Introduction and Objective: Bankruptcy of natural persons, as one of the fundamental issues of Iranian commercial law, plays an important role in ensuring economic justice, protecting the rights of creditors, and restoring balance in commercial relations. The purpose of this research is to criticize and analyze the decisions issued on bankruptcy of natural persons in the legal courts of (A) County during the years 1400 to 1403 and to identify the existing legal and executive gaps and deficiencies.
Research Methodology: This research has been conducted with a descriptive-analytical approach and using a library study and a field study of judicial decisions. Data have been extracted and analyzed by collecting court decisions, reviewing relevant laws, especially Articles 412, 413, 416, 418, 424, 426, 430 and 439 of the Commercial Code, and content analysis of expert opinions and reports.
Findings: Bankruptcy cases for individuals face major hurdles due to inconsistent trader status and payment cessation criteria. Courts often rely on licenses and records without assessing actual commercial activity. Poor distinction between fault-based and fraudulent bankruptcy worsens litigation delays. Trustee mismanagement and lack of audit reports undermine fairness and efficiency. Judicial oversight gaps and missing ruling databases erode public trust in the system.
Conclusion: The failure to accurately implement the Commercial Code and weaknesses in judicial practice prevent the realization of justice in the bankruptcy of natural persons.